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His course was altered by william h sedgwick a professor of biology and a pioneer in bacteriology and sanitary science considered the first scientific epidemiologist sedgwick did research in the emerging field of public health science and also worked with government organizations to implement his findings. In june 1905 he was appointed commissioner of health of the state of pennsylvania an office he held up to the time of his death in 1909 the university of pennsylvania conferred upon him the degree of doctor of laws and in 1916 lafayette college honored him with the degree of doctor of science. The impact of the bubonic plague epidemics of the past still echo across the centuries reminding us of the devastation that disease can inflict on communities the black death is the name given to the first wave of the plague that swept across europe in the 1300s. Instructions research portal how to use the search engine effectively learn more. C perfringens c perfringens is an enteric gram positive anaerobic spore forming pathogenic bacterium found in human and animal feces although there is considerable controversy surrounding the use of c perfringens as a water quality indicator because of its persistence in the environment a number of scientists continue to recommend its use particularly in situations where the